castle, England, United Kingdom
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Top Questions
What is Windsor Castle?
What is Windsor Castle?
Windsor Castle is an English royal residence including two building complexes, or courts, separated by a circular tower. The courts contain chapels and royal apartments. Windsor Castle is a tourist destination as well as a popular venue for royal weddings, including the wedding of Prince Harry and Meghan Markle in 2018.
When was Windsor Castle built?
When was Windsor Castle built?
William I first developed the site of Windsor Castle about 1070, constructing a mound with a stockade. Later rulers made a number of additions to the site: Henry II replaced the stockade with the stone Round Tower and outer walls; Henry III added a royal chapel; Edward III converted fortress buildings to royal apartments; Charles II rebuilt those apartments; and George IV reconstructed the apartments so they could be used by visitors of state as well as monarchs.
Where is Windsor Castle?
Where is Windsor Castle?
Windsor Castle is located at the northeastern edge of the district ofWindsor and Maidenhead in the county ofBerkshire,England.
Who is buried at Windsor Castle?
Who is buried at Windsor Castle?
St. George’s Chapel is a chapel and royal mausoleum at Windsor Castle that contains the bodies of Henry VI, Edward IV, Henry VIII and Jane Seymour, Charles I, Edward VII, and George V. George III, George IV, and William IV are buried at Albert Memorial Chapel, also in Windsor.
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Windsor Castle, English royal residence that stands on a ridge at the northeastern edge of the district of Windsor and Maidenhead in the county of Berkshire, England. The castle occupies 13 acres (5 hectares) of ground above the south bank of the River Thames. Windsor Castle comprises two quadrilateral-shaped building complexes, or courts, that are separated by the Round Tower. The latter is a massive circular tower that is built on an artificial mound and is visible for many miles over the surrounding flatland. The court west of the Round Tower is called the lower ward; the court to the east is called the upper ward.
There was a royal residence at Windsor in Saxon times (c. 9th century). William I (“William the Conqueror”) developed the present site, constructing a mound with a stockade about 1070. Henry II replaced this with the stone Round Tower and added outer walls to the north, east, and south. In the 13th century Henry III completed the south wall and the western end of the lower ward and built a royal chapel on the site of the present-day Albert Memorial Chapel. Edward III made this chapel the centre of the newly formed Order of the Garter in 1348 and converted the fortress buildings in the upper ward to residential apartments for the monarchs. These apartments were rebuilt by Charles II and later reconstructed by George IV for use by visitors of state in addition to the monarchs.
More From BritannicaHow Did King George V Really Die?The lower ward includes St. George’s Chapel and the Albert Memorial Chapel. St. George’s Chapel, designed to be the chapel of the Order of the Garter, was begun by Edward IV and is one of the best examples of Perpendicular Gothic-style architecture. It was completed in 1528 and restored between 1921 and 1930. It ranks next to Westminster Abbey as a royal mausoleum and contains the bodies of Henry VI, Edward IV, Henry VIII and Jane Seymour, Charles I, Edward VII, and George V. The chapel also contains the impressive insignia of the Knights of the Garter. Albert Memorial Chapel, built by Henry VII as a royal mausoleum, was restored by Queen Victoria and named in memory of her consort. In this chapel are buried George III, George IV, and William IV.
The upper ward of the castle includes the private apartments of the monarch and private apartments for visitors. The state apartments in the upper ward include the Waterloo Chamber, St. George’s Hall, and the grand reception room. The upper ward is also the site of the royal library, which contains a priceless collection of drawings by Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, Hans Holbein the Younger, and other Old Masters. Fire destroyed the northeast corner of the upper ward in November 1992. Most of the paintings, furniture, and other movable treasures were saved, but more than 100 rooms, including St. George’s Hall, were destroyed or damaged. A successful restoration of the affected area was completed in 1997.
Adjacent to the castle on the south, east, and north is Home Park, which consists of approximately 500 acres (200 hectares) of parkland. Frogmore, the site of the mausoleum of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert, lies within the park. South of the castle lies the Great Park, with about 1,800 acres (700 hectares). The Long Walk, a 3-mile (5-kilometre) avenue leading into the Great Park, was planted by Charles II in 1685; its aging elm trees were replaced by younger trees in 1945. Virginia Water, an artificial lake, lies at the southern boundary.
This article was most recently revised and updated by Jeff Wallenfeldt.
